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Egypt operates one of Africa's oldest and most extensive railway networks, managed by Egyptian National Railways (ENR). The main Nile Valley corridor connects Cairo to Alexandria (2h15m), Cairo to Luxor (9-10h), and Cairo to Aswan (12-13h) via intercity express trains. ENR's intercity fleet includes Spanish Talgo and newer air-conditioned coaches. The Spanish Talgo tilting trains on Cairo-Alexandria are among the most comfortable, reaching 160 km/h on the upgraded delta corridor. Sleeper trains (Wataniya and ENR sleepers) connect Cairo to Luxor and Aswan overnight, a popular tourist choice. Egypt is building a new high-speed rail network (Electric High-Speed Railway) with three lines totaling 2,000 km, contracted to Siemens AG in 2021. The first phase connects Ain Sokhna on the Red Sea coast to El Alamein on the Mediterranean, passing through the new administrative capital. Construction was active through 2025 with target completion in phases. Cairo's urban transit includes Metro (3 lines), LRT (to New Administrative Capital), and monorail systems. Tickets for ENR intercity trains can be bought at station counters or through the ENR website (enr.com.eg). Foreign tourists must pay in hard currency for Wataniya sleeper trains (premium class). The Cairo Metro is affordable and reliable, accepting cash single-journey tickets or the Cairo Metro Card.