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Spain has the world's second-largest Berkecepatan tinggi network by length (after China), exceeding France and Japan. Spanish AVE trains reach 310 km/h and run on dedicated standard-gauge tracks, separate from the conventional broad-gauge network. The Madrid hub connects to most major cities within 3 jams.

Yes. Spain offers heavily subsidized or free passes for Cercanias commuter trains, Rodalies (Catalonia), and Media Distancia regional trains. These require registration with Renfe and are available to both residents and tourists, making regional rail perjalanan in Spain exceptionally affordable.

AVE trains use dedicated Berkecepatan tinggi standard-gauge tracks and reach 310 km/h. Avant trains also run on Berkecepatan tinggi tracks but serve shorter corridors at lower fares. Alvia trains use dual-gauge or gauge-changing technology to perjalanan on both Berkecepatan tinggi and conventional tracks, connecting cities not directly on the AVE network.

IRYO launched in December 2022 offering private Berkecepatan tinggi services on Madrid-Barcelona, Madrid-Valencia, and other corridors. Ouigo Spain (owned by SNCF) operates low-cost Berkecepatan tinggi trains on the same routes. Competition has significantly reduced fares, with Madrid-Barcelona tickets sometimes available from EUR 5-10.

The Transcantabrico Gran Lujo luxury tourist train traverses the northern coast from San Sebastian to Santiago de Compostela over 8 days. For regular services, the Zafra-Huelva line through Extremadura and the Palma-Soller rack railway in Mallorca are highlights. The narrow-gauge FEVE network along the Cantabrian coast is also highly regarded.